“Directiveness” as a Predictor of Religious Attitudes
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University of Silesia in Katowice
Publication date: 2017-06-20
Polish Sociological Review 2017;198(2):189-202
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ABSTRACT
This paper examines the relation between “directiveness” and levels of religiosity (conceptualized as the
three dimensions of “closing–opening,” “clericalization–secularization,” and “dogmatism–permissiveness”). The
model used has been empirically verified and is a consequence of previous studies proving that religiosity in itself
generates both pro-social attitudes (especially in regard to an individual’s own religious group) and attitudes of
aggression toward “outgroups.” Researchers have also demonstrated that religion can be a factor that inhibits actual
aggression through values such as self-control of negative emotions or impulsive acts. This study finds that the
model presented is statistically significant in terms of dimensions such as “closing–opening” and clericalization–
secularization: higher directiveness makes it possible to predict higher “closing” and clericalization. This finding
makes it possible to discuss directiveness as a foundation for real aggression and attitudes of discrimination against
individuals or groups that pose a symbolic or real threat to the unity of the Roman Catholic community.