This paper analyzes the types of relationships which have been established between the Orthodox Romanian Church and the state starting with the 1866 Constitution. It critically assesses the theoretical model proposed by Pedro Ramet (1987) and reorganizes it applying its basic principles and its structure to the Romanian case study. Taking into consideration the various elements of the model, the study concludes that currently in spite of a delimitation of the religious sphere from the political one, in practice in post-communist Romania the connection between Church and state is much more blurred.